The Concept Of Self Identity - 1360 Words

The concept of Self-Identity, and the theories that relate to it, are ever-present in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. The concept of Self-Identity is a Psychological concept that many famous Psychologists have spent years studying. The main theories of self-identity that relate to the story of Frankenstein are those by Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The ideas of Sigmund Freud’s concept of Superego, Id, and Ego are represented by Victor’s father, the creation, and Victor with their actions in the novel. Carl Jung’s theory of shadow and self is represented by Victor and his creation. The theory of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture are shown by Victor and his relationship with his creation. In Frankenstein, several psychological concepts based on self-identity are showcased by Victor and his relationships with other beings. Victor’s own creation becomes representative of his Id, through the creatures reliance on instinct an d lack of ability to accept his own isolation. Freud describes the Id as the instinctual part of our personality, and this includes sleeping, eating, and procreating. The monster catches up with Victor and has a request for Victor, â€Å"I am alone, and miserable; man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself to me†¦ This being you must create†(Shelley 104). The creature develops an immense loneliness due to his being the only one of his kind, and threatens Victor if he does notShow MoreRelatedIdentity And The Concept Of Self1217 Words   |  5 Pageshave learned several things about identity and the concept of self. Self concept is the intellectual and theoretical awareness and constant regard that conscious beings hold with regard to their own self. Elements of a persons self concept include but are not limited physical, psychological, and social attributes and can be affected by its attitudes, habits, beliefs an d ideas. These factors can each be condensed to the common ideas of self esteem as well as self image. Many of the achievements andRead MoreSelf Concept Is Our Self Identity Essay1743 Words   |  7 PagesSelf-concept is our self-identity, and is the way that one perceives itself, it includes both attitudes and the collection of beliefs. Self-Concept also branches out into self-image and self-esteem. Self-image, is the way the person pictures itself. The self-esteem is the way we evaluate ourselves. We identify ourselves by our communication, and our interactions with others. In other words â€Å"I think, therefore I am† (Renà © Descartes; â€Å"ego cogito, ergo sum†) If a person was to tell another person whatRead MoreThe Differences Between Self Concept And Identity1017 Words   |  5 Pages(2013), Identity is the image of a person that is embodied in communication. Identity is what we show to other people. There are layers to identity, and they might not agree wi th each other. This leads to identity gaps. Self- Concept is the sum total knowledge that you have about yourself. While these definitions seem similar, there are some differences. Self-Concept can be hidden from other people, while identity can be altered depending on the people you are with. For instance, your identity aroundRead MoreDevelopment Of Self Esteem, Self Concept And Identity Through Middle Childhood And Adolescence2561 Words   |  11 PagesDevelopment of self-esteem, self-concept and identity through middle childhood and adolescence Anuja Rupesh Vora New York University The years between 6 and 18, middle childhood to adolescence is a time of important development that leads to the establishment of self-concept, self-esteem, and identity for children. Self-concept can be defined as an idea of the self that is created from the beliefs one holds about oneself and the way that others respond to the created self. On the otherRead MoreIdentity And Self Concept Is Dependent Upon Social Interactions And Experiences Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesIdentity or self-concept is dependent upon social interactions and experiences. However, identity is also very much dependent upon the agency of one’s self-representation. Ranging from the clothing an individual selects, to vocabulary, to behaviors while interacting, people exhibit a version of their personality they want to be perceived by. The impression one embodies eventually becomes their self-understanding. It is then by interactions among family, friend networks, coworkers or classmates peopleRead More Relationship Between Barbie Dolls And The Development Identity And Self Concept1464 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch questions guiding this research. The population, sample and procedure will be covered in the following sections. Sample The population will be gathered from all adolescent girls ages 5-15 in Lubbock, TX. Given that children develop a self-concept at the age of 6, 120 African-American female children ages 6-8 will be invited to participate in the study from North, South, East and West Lubbock. This is the equivalence to a child’s first, second and third grade level. Prior to any participantRead MoreStudent Athletes s Academic Self Concept And Academic Identity1144 Words   |  5 PagesThe study sought to address and understand how the â€Å"dumb-jock† stereotype influences a student’s academic self-concept and academic identity. Student-athletes have multiple identities while in college which can be influenced by stereotype threat. Academic identity and athletic identity both heavily influence a student’s self-perception. The researchers surveyed collegiate athletes across gender, race, ethnicity, athletic division, and sport about their experiences as student-athletes at t heir respectiveRead MoreMultidimensional Framework Proposed By Rockquemore And Colleagues1237 Words   |  5 Pagesmultiracial identity among a broader diverse multiracial sample. The problem was that in terms of social construction of race, this particular framework acknowledged only two â€Å"traditional† options of being â€Å"Black† or â€Å"biracial†. In the introduction, the social significance for the problem was successfully identified and the intended problem was connected well with the purpose. It was stated that having a multiracial identity that is validated by others was associated with higher levels of identity integrationRead MorePerspectives On The Development Of Young Children1614 Words   |  7 PagesList 8: 1. Perspective Taking (p.338): This concept has to do with understanding how another person thinks and feels. This is important in the development of young children because it determines whether they have prosocial or antisocial mindsets. This type of understanding would not be possible without the executive functions of the brain. I think it is an interesting concept because it requires us to cease our own thoughts for a minute and consider the perspective of another person, which is importantRead MoreSelf Identity By Anthony Giddens1653 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Project of the self is one of the most significant concepts created by Anthony Giddens. The author bases his ideas of self-identification upon influence of the modern world and changes created by the process of globalization (Giddens, 1991). The main argument is strong. However the study seeks some further explanations of the role of identity in the social life of individuals. This essay will investigate issue of self-identity in the modern world according to Antony Giddens’s ideas. Firstly, it

The Speed Of Trust Book Report - 2906 Words

The Speed of Trust Identify five to ten most important ideas from the book and explanation of why they are important. One of the most important ideas is â€Å"The 4 cores of Credibility†. It talks about the different cores such as integrity, intent, capabilities and results. Integrity and intent are character cores, and capabilities and results are competency cores. The first core is Integrity. Stephen Covey, the author, talks about how integrity is more than just honesty. It has three parts to it, which are congruency, humility, and courage. Congruency is when a person acts like his or her values. There will be no difference in what he or she was intending to and what actually happens. The second one is humility, where people lookout for†¦show more content†¦To receive more trust from others, people need to show responsibility. When things go wrong, do not blame others. Another important part of building trust is to make sure to listen first before you speak. It is necessary to diagnose and understand what the person is saying. Do not think you already have the answer before a perso n has finished talking. If a person decides to commit to something, people should keep the commitment because it will destroy the trust, and confidence people have in you if you don’t. After all, it is significant to extend the trust to people that earned the trust. Just because there is some risk involved, do not hold back with trust. My third important idea is â€Å"The 7 Low-Trust Organizational Taxes.† It specifically looks at low organizational trust. It is important, because some organizations often have redundancy with an overflow of management, which overlaps each other. In the end, it is just a way of ensuring control. If you have a low trust organization, there will always be bureaucracy. It does not improve things, but bureaucracy makes it inefficient. Another aspect that is important is politics inside a firm. Here, we are talking about strategies and tactics to gain power. In the end, there will be low trust because time, energy, and money are wasted. However, disengagement of employees can lead to very low trust as well. Sometimes an employee puts in just enough effort so they doShow MoreRelatedFrom Silence to Voice, a Book Report Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesFrom Silence to Voice, a Book Report Michael Hager, RN, NREMT-P Nevada State College NU 408 Transitions in Professional Nursing Linda Jacobson, MSN, RN, PHN, COI Abstract Bernice Buresh and Suzanne Gordon have written a sentinel work for nursing that addresses the misrepresentation or absence of nursing in the media and the public consciousness. This book is more than a call to arms for nurse activism. 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These pre-cogs predict future murders and the authorities swoop in and arrest the would-be murders, before they have the chance of committing the crime. Even thing goes great until Anderton, a cop played by Tom Cruise, is suspected. Written by Philip K. Dick and then turned to film by Steven Spielberg in 2002, the short story to film became a success. Though there are many differencesRead More Compare and Contrast: The Difference Between the United States and China in Terms of Living and Working1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States and China are world’s major economies, in terms of living and working, The United States has advantages over China in relationship between people, work relationship, and getting information. People in the United States show more trust to each other than people in China do. In the United States, returns of product can be made without receipt. However, in China, to return a product a receipt is required. Shop assistants want to make sure that consumers really bought product fromRead MoreEthical Issues of the Enron Scandal: A Potential Solution948 Words   |  4 Pagesbusinesses would sell stock, reporting profits, but not reporting losses. Treating these businesses off the balance sheet meant that Enron pretended that these businesses were autonomous, separate firms. But, if the new business made money, Enron would report it as income. If the new business lost money or borrowed money, the losses and debt were not reported by Enron (mgmtguru.com). As the Management Guru website explains, these tactics were alls designed to make Enron look like a more profitable companyRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1585 Words   |  7 Pagescentury, it became popular and widely used because of the advantages over the traditional structure. The purpose of this report is to show the influences of changing organizational structure on a communication progress in particular area which is Hospitality and Tourism Industry. The information in this report was gathered from books resources and internet site . This report mainly describes the two types of organizational structure which is Hierarchical and Horizontal and compares the strengthsRead MoreAccounting And Computer : The Summa By Lucia Pacioli Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesmiddle east and then west. As the business grows bigger and is run by more than one person, it needs systematic way to monitor the cash. Then the Double Entry System took a birth in Italy in 13th century, which got more popular after the publicity of book called ‘The Summa’ by the writer Lucia Pacioli (known as father of accounting). However, the change in technology didn’t made any differences until the price of computers became really cheap. 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Marketing Plan for Soft landing Business-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan for Soft landing Business. Answer: Introduction Types of mattresses The style and type of mattresses have a very crucial impact on the possibility of any re use and recoverability of material. Every style of mattress comes with its own set of challenges associated with its handling and if possible at all, the recovery. While evaluating the possibility of any kind of re-use certain types of mattresses have better scope in this regard than the others (Chang, Yang, n.d.). Supply and the source of discarded mattresses As the global demand for mattresses continues to grow with an increasing demand for luxury mattresses and the doctor recommended mattresses, there is an almost equal rate of growth in the disposal of mattresses. With growing environmental concerns about the threat to the natural environment and the ecological balance because of the landfills, the mattress recycling industry has been growing steadily over the last few years. The domestic market accounts for almost 95% percent of the market share of the mattress sales. The waste mattresses collected account for approximately 50 million tonnes for landfill every year. The potential market for this segment is very wide and includes not just the general public but is the need of the other industries like healthcare and hospitality industries that are among the biggest consumers of the mattress industry. These industries are always faced with the problem of disposing of a large number of used mattresses every year and form one of the biggest supplier and consumer market of the mattress recycling industry. Sector wise distribution of the source market The Domestic market In Australia, approximately 1.6 to 1.8 million mattresses are discarded or reach end-of-life every year. The domestic market accounts for almost 95 percent of the discarded mattress market while the institutional market is almost 5 percent. Out of the total market size, almost 40 percent of the mattresses are illegally dumped or have an uncertain fate. Hospitals and the other healthcare facilities The hospital mattress manufacturers are generally specialists and the hospital mattresses are made of latex foam or a polythene foam core with a protective layer of the PVC cover. The mattresses designed for the hospital use have different sitting and laying positions as they are bent to adjust to the bed frames. Therefore, the life of hospital mattress is only for a period of 9 to 18 months depending on the intensity of usage. Therefore, the hospitals and the healthcare facilities have a much higher turnover rate as compared to the domestic sector with almost 15 to 20 percent of the mattresses being replaced every year. However, the mattresses that are contaminated with bodily fluid have to be incinerated and cannot be recycled. The clean mattresses are being sent for recycling and many facilities send their discarded mattresses for landfill. A tie up with the local authorities and private healthcare and nursing care facilities could boost the supply by a large margin (Crowdfunding social ventures: a model and research agenda, n.d.). Prisons The prisons also use foam mattresses like the hospitals for functional reasons. These are also purchased in bulk and have a shorter life span than the domestic markets because of rough use and constant wear and tear. These mattresses are also made of a foam core and a layer of PVC coating but they have to conform to the regulations of flammability and fire safety. Approximately 49 percent of the mattresses are disposed off every year. Army accommodations Unlike the other sectors, it is very difficult to calculate the number or percentage of mattresses being purchased for army accommodations as the army accommodation has many bifurcations. The army personnel making use of the single living accommodation can be taken as the source market, but many of the mattresses purchased are used by SLA located in different locations and even overseas. Therefore, an exact estimate of the waste mattresses arising from this sector is difficult to calculate. Commercial and hospitality industry Out of the total number of mattresses used by the institutional sectors, the hospitality industry which includes the hostels, hotels, beds breakfast businesses, youth hostels, and caravan parks, accounts for 20 percent of the consumption. The number of mattresses being used in the sector amounts to roughly two times the number of rooms in the industry. The average life span of the mattresses in the hotel industry varies from a period of 4 years to 7 years. The hostels, caravan parks, youth hostels use less premium mattresses and therefore more frequent replacement is required. Roughly one-third of the mattresses in the commercial and hospitality sectors are being replaced every year creating a huge potential market for the recycling industry. SWOT Analysis of the Mattress Recycling Business Strengths: Waste and discarded mattresses would always be available all the year round and having a tie up with the local authorities and industries will ensure a regular supply at reasonable prices (Z, n.d.). The consistency of the constituent material in the mattresses is more or less constant and the reclaimed materials have a market value. The business does not require any kind of specialized and expensive equipment so overhead costs can be kept low (End of Life Mattress Report 2016, n.d.). The process of reclaiming the material maintains the quality and market value of the reclaimed material as compared to the quality of the material in the other processes like shredding. The business and the marketing model can be easily replicated at different branches and sites provided the market and supplier capacity exists (Z, n.d.). Weaknesses: The mattress recycling process and reclaiming of materials is a more costly option than the other cheaper alternative like landfill The business depends a lot on the gate fee charges to recover the business costs and lower gate fees could reduce the economic viability of the operations. There needs to be a market available for the end use of the reclaimed materials especially the mixed textiles (James, 2015). The mattress supply is dependent on a number of distributed sources of supply which are sometimes spread over a geographical area. Scaling up the sites at some locations becomes difficult due to supply chain a logistics difficulties and diminished economies of scale for processing manually (Z, n.d.). In some regions, there is a limited scope for automated processing facilities at a large scale. The economies of scale are generally poor for the processing operations. The insurance costs are high due to the hazardous risks to life by fire (Z, n.d.). Opportunities There are a very few companies dealing with the mattress recycling business in Australia and there is a lot of scope for expansion of the business in untapped cities. There is a growing awareness among the people and the governments to look for alternative and more environment-friendly methods of disposing the waste mattresses instead of the widely prevalent landfill option (Lehmann, n.d.). The operation is very simple and it is easy to set up in a new location. The business can work with the retailers and develop retail take-back schemes to augment the income generated and could source better quality mattresses as a result (Strategic marketing for social entrepreneurs, n.d.). The business has the opportunity to enter into collaboration with the local authorities in a new location and existing sites to improve the collection methods and services. This would also improve the quality and quantity of the waste mattresses being collected. The tie up with the local authorities would also improve the funding requirements for the project (Mattress recycling - mwrrg.vic.gov.au, n.d.). The company could work with the local authorities and social organizations to improve awareness about the benefits of recycling as compared to landfill and in the long run eliminate the option of waste mattresses being sent to landfill reducing the ecological burden on the environment (Nelles, 2013). Threats The industry is still in the nascent stages of development and cannot cover all locations especially the areas with low density of population. There is no actual quality control that can be exercised on the quality of the waste mattresses being supplied and picked up. The soiled and wet mattresses are much lower in quality and affect the profitability of the organization. The competition from cheaper options available to people like shredding and landfill. To set up operations in a new location, the company requires the co-operation from the local authorities (Oxfordshire, n.d.). Any kind of design and material change in the manufacturing of the mattresses in the future may have a huge impact on the recycling operations especially on the materials which are extracted for the purpose of recovery (Small Business Secrets: Social enterprises springing up, 2016). The drop in the market price of steel can affect the market for steel springs which constitute almost 50 percent of the mattress components. Market Demand for recycled materials from the mattresses The materials from the mattresses which can be obtained for recycling purpose form the major revenue generators for this industry. The mattresses are made of a number of materials; the reclaimed portion of these materials is sold to another end user market where they are reused into the manufacturing of fresh products. Some of the reclaimed material can also be sold for energy generation from waste materials or as a landfill cover in certain cases where there is no other option (State of Waste 2016 current and future Australian trends, 2016). Steel, PUR foam, cotton, felt, plastic, and other mixed textiles form the main constituent materials of a mattress. The mixed textile accounts for almost 35 percent of the weight of a mattress and the other natural fibres like jute, hemp, coconut fibers, sisal form approximately 7 percent of the weight of a mattress. The natural fibres are also grouped into mixed textiles since they are difficult to segregate and separate during the reclaiming process. Steel is the metal which is widely used in the mattresses as springs and the scrap steel reclaimed from the mattresses forms the other major material sold to the end users. But the value of the steel springs reclaimed from the mattresses is much lower in the market because of the distorted shape of the springs. Spring contractors are available but are very expensive. Purchase of a spring contractor may lead to a substantial increase in the overhead costs (The City of Cardiff Council, n.d.). The PUR foam which is reclaimed from the mattresses has three end user markets: generating energy from waste, recycling and used as the cover for landfill along with the mixed textiles. Out of the three options, recycling brings the maximum revenue as the market for this product is big. The value of the reclaimed PUR foam depends on its quality, source and the intended use. The energy generating market and the landfill cover market offers a very limited scope and generate much lower income (Whistler, J., et al., n.d.). PUR foam segregated from the discarded mattresses is very widely used for re-bonding purposes, where small pieces of the foam are bonded under high pressure and these pieces are used for products like gym mats and carpet underlay. However, the market for PUR foam is dependent on the source of the discarded mattresses and the final consumers perceptions about the hygienic quality of the foam being recycled (Zysman, 2014). Barriers to Business There are several barriers to the development of mattress recycling business. Some of the critical barriers are: Obtaining a sufficient gate fee to sustain the economic viability of the business and make it an attractive opportunity for investment and development. A substantive gate fee is important for the economic viability of the business because of the low quality of materials arising from the discarded mattresses because of the poor collection methods (Boone, n.d.). The overhead and costs cannot be reduced further due to very tight margins. Operational barriers arise due to the unavailability of clean and dry mattresses. The business is dependent on procurement from the local authorities like the government aided hospitals and the healthcare facilities which form one of the biggest supply markets for this business. The Landfill is a cheaper method of disposing of the old mattresses, therefore, tougher laws and regulations, more incentives and educational initiatives from the government are required to promote mattress recycling among the general public (Collection of non-clothing textiles case study: Mattress ... n.d.). The government would need to incentivize the mattress recycling operations to make them more attractive for investment and commercial mattress recycling would receive a boost. Competition and Risks The main risk associated with this business is the obtaining the dry and unsoiled mattresses for recycling and generating the right amount of gate fee to support the cost of the business The main competition of this business is from the other waste processes which send the discarded mattresses either for landfill or the mattresses are shredded in the general waste management processes. Shredding is an option which is a low-cost alternative to landfill and helps in the recovery of the metallic parts from the mattresses. But this process significantly lowers the quality of the constituent material obtained for use by the relevant end markets. Risks and Hazards in the Mattress Recycling Methods Inconsistent disclosure and application of sterilization and the health standards of the re-furbished and re-used mattresses. Worker safety is a big concern in the lifting, dismantling, and the recycling process. The danger of fire and vermin infestation due to poor storage facilities has been observed at many places. The dust and the fibers surrounding the mattress recycling unit sites can trigger an asthmatic attack or any other respiratory allergic reaction in the people. Workers should be provided with gas masks (Cubby, 2012). Mattresses are heavy and the manual collection services cause a lot of stress on the joints and the back of the collection staff. Bed bugs, mites, parasites, and infectious diseases contaminating the mattresses create a serious health risk for the mattress collectors and recycling unit workers. Marketing and Business Development Opportunities for the coming year The company is able to convert 95 percent of the mattress material into some form of recyclable materials and proceeding in this manner the company will divert almost 70 percent of the waste from landfill in the coming few years. The mattress recycling firm can offer its recycled material to different manufacturers that need the raw material at cheap rates. For example, the cotton from the mattresses can be sold to the rag manufacturers for whose brand the environmental commitment forms an important aspect. The felt and cotton recovered from the mattresses can also be sold for the purpose of insulation and make new felt (Guilfoil, n.d.). Another good potential market for the recycled and reclaimed material is the mattress manufacturers. The firm can supply the mattress manufacturers with a steady stream of reclaimed and recycled material. Keeping in mind the growing environmental consciousness among the public, the mattress manufacturers that use the recycled material will gain an edge over their competitors (LeBlanc, n.d.). The company should contact and consider a business arrangement with the mulch businesses in the region. But the company will have to disclose the fact that the wood that the company is selling to the mulch businesses comes out of a used mattress that has been discarded and recycled. The wood can also be sold to the bio-fuel manufacturers (Mattress recycling faces market challenges, report warns, 2016). Financials The largest operating costs of the mattress recycling business are the property costs, training, and salary expenses which account for almost 60 to 70 percent of the operating expenditure. The revenues that are generated are derived mainly from the approximate gate fees $ 15 per mattress and the sales revenue from the material sent for recycling. The gate fee was determined from the information collected from the other mattress recycling operations from European and American industries. The market of collecting and processing the end-of-life mattresses is very competitive and the whole process operates at a very little margin. The scrap material recovered has an approximate value of around $2.40 each. The steel scrap is valued at almost $85 to $ 120 each tonne, foam measures at $ 650 per tonne. The recovered mixed textiles and the recycled timber have very little monetary value. This significantly impacts the cost of dismantling a mattress. The dismantling process requires a critical disassembly and can lead to a lot of environmental pollution if the process is handled in an irresponsible manner. The financial aspect of the mattress recycling is highly dependent on the collection charges and the gate fee (West, Lazzaro, n.d.). In the mattress recycling business the relationship between the gate fees which is approximately $15 to $20 for each mattress accounts for almost 90 percent of the income of the business, and the recovered and reclaimed material which sells for approximately $2.20 each, is very low. As compared to mattress recycling, in the other mature recycling sectors the value of the recovered and recycled material accounts for almost 55 percent of the business revenue and the gate fees accounts for approximately 45 percent of the revenue. Even in recessive sectors like tires, the scrap material accounts for almost 20 percent of the business earnings. The company also has to work at reducing the overhead costs in which the transportation costs are the most significant elements. The company can work with the municipal waste collection workstations to significantly lower the transport costs. The company has to make an investment in purchasing second-hand balers and contractors for the business operations in the current year as these can significantly raise the value of the scrap. The balers can compress the mixed textiles into smaller bales which are easy to transport and store and have a higher market value. Similarly, the contractors can take the air out of the mattress springs increasing the market value of the recycled springs to almost the double. These factors will improve the profitability of the business and reduce the dependency on the gate fees as the main income generator in the coming years. Conclusions The waste generation in Australia has grown to almost 50 million tonnes a year and approximately each individual contributes a waste of 2 tonnes each year. However, the growing concern and awareness about the environment and ecology have given a boost to the recycling industry and the mattress recycling has grown significantly in the last few years since 2005. The waste being sent to landfill has drastically reduced as recycling facilities have been established at different places and according to a survey report almost 58 percent of the waste is being sent for recycling now instead of a landfill and the percentage will continue to grow in the coming years. The dismantling process of a mattress is driven by manual labour in Australia and this has provided a lot of employment opportunities to the unskilled labourers. But the recovery of the constituent components for recycling and reclaiming purposes is reduced greatly by the manual labour processes (Method of recycling visco-elastic foam and compressible cushion product formed thereby, n.d.). To improve the profitability of the business and to make it a self sustainable operation, the company needs to invest in purchasing certain automated equipment like balers and contractors. These would not just reduce the overhead storage and transportation costs but also improve the market value of the scrap improving the profitability of the company significantly (O'Kane, 2016). The company should also work to encourage the retail sector, mattress manufacturers and mattress retailers to make a contribution for the cost of disposal, recycling, and the illegal dumping of mattresses. The company should focus on collaborating with the overall retail sector to encourage take-back schemes and the drop-off collection points by including the disposal fees in the cost price of the mattress. This will go a long way in reducing the collection costs and illegal dumping of the waste mattresses (Rapoport, n.d.). To generate greater support for its business activity and the social initiative of recycling and reusing the scrap materials from the waste mattresses, the company should hold educational and informational drives and hold a workshop for the people who re-use the reclaimed material from the mattresses, to discuss the acceptable quality standards for the material quality and identify the specific characteristics of the end-user market to improve the quality of scrap produced (Social Return on Investment (SROI) and Performance Measurement, n.d.). While looking at improving the processes of the business the company should also work to reduce the occupational hazards associated with the recycling process. The workers and the labourers are subject to a lot of safety, health and occupational problems which are associated with the handling of cumbersome and heavy mattresses, and many times potentially infectious and soiled mattresses (The afterlife of mattresses, n.d.) References: (2013, March 20). ISPA Mattress Recycling Initiative. Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://bedtimesmagazine.com/2013/03/ispa-mattress-recycling-initiative/ Boone, A. R. (n.d.). Couches and Mattresses: The Next Recoverables. Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/06/05923.pdf Chang, M., Yang, W. (n.d.). Applying Harmony Search to the Bulky Waste Recycling ... Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCE2010/WCE2010_pp2280-2285.pdf Collection of non-clothing textiles case study: Mattress ... (n.d.). Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap Crowdfunding social ventures: a model and research agenda. (n.d.). Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13691066.2013.782624 Cubby, B. (2012, June 24). When old goods are put to bed, charity springs into action. Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/when-old-goods-are-put-to-bed-charity-springs-into-action-20120624-20whk.html End of Life Mattress Report 2016. (n.d.). Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://www.oakdenehollins.com/media/NBF_01_430_Final/NBF-01_430_Final.pdf Guilfoil, J. M. (n.d.). The Big, Bulky Truth About Beds - c.ymcdn.com. Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://find.galegroup.com/gps/infomark.do?contentSet=IACDocumentstype=retrievetabID=T003prodId=IPSdocId=A191392326source=galesrcp rod=ITOFuserGroupName=o0001version0 James, G. (2015, November 12). This is no place for a mattress - Industry taking lead to recycle. Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://bedtimesmagazine.com/2013/03/this-is-no-place-for-a-mattress-industry-taking-lead-to-recycle/ LeBlanc, R. (n.d.). The Mattress Recycling Business Opportunity. Retrieved August 12, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/mattress-recycling-business-2877997 Lehmann, S. (n.d.). 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Strategy and Differentiation of Sia free essay sample

CASE 3 – SINGAPORE AIRLINES GROUP IDENTIFY ISSUES 1. Global financial crisis (mid 2007 onwards) further burdened by the collapse of some of the largest financial institutions in the world. b. As demand for air travel is significantly impacted by income levels, customers tend to be more price sensitive during crisis time and will usually opt for budget travel or in some cases will not travel at all. c. Led to reduced demand for travel d. Airline reduced the passenger and cargo capacity however majority of their costs pertains to fixed costs (84%) which will still be incurred despite the reduction in capacity. 2. Faced with: a. Increasing operation costs such as fuel (due to the rising oil prices) and labor (taken care by union). 3. Exposed to: a. Exchange rate risk as certain costs (i. e. oil prices) are denominated in foreign currencies such as USD. Though exchange rate risk can be managed by hedging, there’s also risk involved in hedging strategies (locked into a high price when oil prices are declining rapidly). We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy and Differentiation of Sia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page b. Unable to match costs and revenues due to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rate (very volatile). c. Increasing financial risk due to high level of debts undertaken to finance the purchase of new planes. . SIA is faced with more and greater competition in the airline industry – especially after entry of budget carriers into certain region; expected to reduce SIA’s profit. (page 33) 5. Higher government intervention in the airline industry as compared to other industries – eg. Country law regarding unions would affect the wages and salaries component of an airline’s cost structure (page 32) 6. The needs to constantly enhance and improve their aircraft facilities and food menu as travelers nowadays are more demanding. (They know what they want in order to be a innovator and not follower). 7. The decline in passenger and cargo loads is greater as compared to rival – Cathay Pacific (Why is that so? ) 8. Significant exposure to the geographical epicenters of the crisis (Europe and North America) led to detrimental impact on SIA’s result. 9. Is there a need to amend the premium pricing policy during time of crisis in order to reduce the opportunities for rivals to steal precious market share. (Page 42) 10. Threats posed by competitors: a. HK KL – Opening of state of the art airports. b. Manila, Taipei Seoul – New Cargo hubs which threatens Changi Airport as a preeminent transshipment center. CURRENT STRATEGIES Business–level Strategy (SIA) Strategy refers to an integrated and coordinated set of commitments and actions designed to exploit core competencies and gain a competitive advantage. Business-Level Strategy: an integrated and coordinated set of commitments and actions designed to exploit core competencies and gain a competitive advantage by exploiting core competencies in specific product markets. Differentiation Strategy: An integrated set of actions taken to produce goods/services (at an acceptable cost) that customers perceive as being different in ways that are important to them. SIA customers are willing to pay a premium for the â€Å"perceived† product value which is the SIA service-A Great Way to Fly. Basis for Differentiation Focus on Customer-centric rather than on Pricing. â€Å"Human software†- golden inflight standard; specific touch points. Customers are important assets to SIA and they effectively manage their relationship by getting customers involved in their business (co-ordinating customers in the service they are going to provide) SIA has a frequent flyer program which has an excellent database containing the loyal passengers’ preferences during the flight. At the same time, SIA uses the Compliments to Complaints Ratio model (34 compliments to 1 complaint per 10 000pax) to gauge their customers’ satisfaction in the different classes monthly. Furthermore, SIA conducts regular passengers’ opinion surveys to monitor the quality of service from ground handling, reservation, entertainment system their cabin services. The results from the surveys would be tabulated into the Service Performance Index (SP Index) which would be disseminated to the employees in the organization. Innovating and consistently upgrading differentiated features to enhance passengers’ comfort are critical success factors. SIA pioneered â€Å"frills† like free alcoholic drinks, ice-cream as dessert (in all classes) which were followed by other airlines. The airline also provides all passengers, regardless of class, with cocktails, fine wines, and Krisworld on-demand in-flight movies at no extra charge. Moreover, SIA has introduced the innovative widest bed in Business Class the non-stop flight from SIN to LAX EWR. †¢ 40-30-30 rule: SIA focus 40% of its resources on training motivating its staffs, 30% on the review of processes procedures and finally 30% on creating new products service ideas. †¢ Deployment of Technology On the technology side, SIA still maintains the youngest fleet of aircraft amongst all major air carriers, and keeps to the stringent policy of replacing older aircrafts for newer, better models. They have always been first in line to take delivery of new aircraft types like Boeing 747 jumbo jets, Boeing 777, and they are the first airline to fly the Airbus Super jumbo A-380 in 2007. The strategy behind the technology program is clear: It enhances cost efficiency to use the latest aircrafts by investing during economic downturns, aircraft manufacturers tend to provide discounts to any buyers to bail them out during recession. Maintaining the youngest generation of aircrafts provides SIA with some of the lowest fuel costs in the industry. This is very significant since 15-20% of an airlines’ total costs derive from fuel. On top of this, SIA carefully hedges up to 50% of their fuel contracts two years in advance to avoid cyclical and often large volatility in fuel prices. Finally, the financial and cash position has allowed SIA to weather the short-term dips in the industry better than the competition. SIA has agreed to order eight more Boeing 777-300ERs in August 2011 to support growth plans for the years ahead. â€Å"The order is in line with our longstanding policy of operating a young and modern fleet. This enables us to offer our latest cabin products which have proven extremely popular with our customers. †(CEO-Goh Choon Phong) Uniqueness of Business Concept The use of the ‘Singapore Girl’ icon is unique in the industry; it can be immediately associated with Singapore Airlines itself. The icon has become so strong that Madame Tussaud’s Museum in London started to display the Singapore Girl in 1994 as the first commercial figure ever. The stringent service training strict grooming standards are ingrained onto the new cabin crew trainees to uphold the company’s image they are also expected to conform to the ‘SIA culture’ when they graduated from the training school. †¢ Incentives Service Above All the Rest (SOAR), a initiative to provide the existing cabin crews with series of training workshops for service conversation session with the management. The latest SOAR campaign is: †Seize Every Opportunity†. Winning Ways Award was instituted to recognize reward crews who have provided excellent service to passengers. †¢ Marketing Strategy Marketing is an investment to SIA rather than an expense. Singapore Airlines has been as consistent in its communication vehicles as in its brand strategy. The primary message Singapore Airlines A Great Way to Fly has been consistently conveyed in exclusive print media and also in advertisements to highlight the brand’s positioning. All communication messages are featured through the iconic Singapore Girl in different themes and settings. SIA has chosen to focus on one aspect of the brand strategy which is the in-flight hospitality and warmth shown by the Singapore Girl rather than trying to communicate the entire brand benefits through its messages. This has led to a focused and consistent message for SIA since the airline began its advertising campaign. In addition, Singapore Airlines uses the launch of their new aircrafts as part of   their marketing purposes. An example of this was their inaugural A380 flight to SYD launched in 2007, which attracted huge publicity in global media and kept the innovation promise of this brand alive. Corporate-level Strategy SIA follows a strategy of diversification. The SIA Group initially has 27 subsidiaries, spanning in all fields relating to the airline industry including SATS, SIAEC, SIA Cargo etc. The subsidiaries include 100% ownership of SIlkAir, 49% of Virgin Atlantic Tiger Airways. SIA launched their own carrier for local and short-haul routes, Tiger Airways, to stay at the forefront of competition. The aim is to avoid dilution of the core premium brand, Singapore Airlines. However, in 2009 SATS 81% was divested from SIA group. It was said that SIA would be able to concentrate more on its airline and aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul businesses. (then CEO-Chew Choon Seng) SIA joined the Star Alliance in 2000 as part of its intentional strategy to go into new markets as Singapore has no domestic markets like Australia to go into. SIA Group has quietly investing in China through strategic alliances with local organizations as the East Asia market is a significant source of revenue for SIA. Investing in information technology is another effective strategy of SIA. The website is considered one of the most advanced user-friendly in the industry. Passengers can almost do any itinerary online w/o visiting a travel agent. Effective use of IT helps to reduce costs enhance service levels for customers. SIA is also well-known for their consciousness for profit cost effectiveness. Any proposed innovation is analyzed in terms of customers’ comfort versus cost. Every manager guards their KPI strongly is willing to challenge any decision made if they see the resources being wasted. Even the front-line   cabin crews are told to reduce wastage onboard. Profitability does not come about only by cost controlling. SIA is able to command a premium price for their tickets especially on West Asia routes with almost none existence of discount available. Even during the bad times, SIA is hardly seen using cost as a strategy to win the customers back as they believe the quality of the service would prevail.